Written Question · S4W-22518 · Session 4
How many licences under the Wildlife and Natural Environment (Scotland) Act 2011 have been issued for the release of non-native invertebrat…
The question
To ask the Scottish Government how many licences under the Wildlife and Natural Environment (Scotland) Act 2011 have been issued for the release of non-native invertebrates since the Act's commencement; which species or subspecies these licences relate to, and what the reason was for their release.
The answer
Licences for the release of non-native invertebrates are issued under section 16 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 which has been amended several times, most recently by the Wildlife and Natural Environment (Scotland) Act 2011.
Scottish Natural Heritage is the licensing authority for such licences and has provided the following summary of licences issued since 2011.
2011
- 1 licence issued:
Steinernema carpocapsae (Steinernematidae; Rhabditida) (a nematode) for the control of large pine weevil. (Root damaging species.)
2012
- 6 licences issued:
Eretmocerus eremicus (a parasitic wasp) for the control of whitefly pests in Integrated Crop Management systems. (Leaf eating species.)
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) for the control of black vine weevil in gardens, soft fruit and nursery stock; and for garden chafer. (Root damaging species.)
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) in the products known as 'Larvanem' for the control of black vine weevil in soft fruits and ornamental crops and 'Terranem' for the control of the larvae of scarabaeidae beetles (white grubs) in turf. (Root damaging species.)
Steinernema carpocapse, steinernema feltiae and heterorhabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) for the control of vine weevil, wireworm, strawberry root weevil, carrot fly maggot, cutworms, leatherjackets, larvae of sciaidae family, cabbage worm and chafer grub in ornamentals, nursery stock, soft fruit, vegetable crops and turf. (Root damaging species.)
Neoseiulus californicus (a mite) for the control of two-spotted spider mites and fruit tree spider mite in Integrated Crop Management systems. (Leaf eating species.)
Macrolophus pygmaeus (an insect) for the control of whitefly pests and other pests in Integrated Crop Management systems. (Leaf eating species.)
2013
- 11 licences issued:
Amblyseius swirskii (a mite) for the control of glasshouse whitefly, tobacco whitefly, western flower thrips and two-spotted spider mite. (Leaf eating species)
Amblydromalus limonicus (a mite) for the control of glasshouse whitefly, tobacco whitefly, western flower thrips and onion thrips. (Leaf eating species)
Delphastus catalinae (a beetle) for the control of glasshouse whitefly, tobacco whitefly. (Leaf eating species)
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) for the control of black vine weevil in gardens, soft fruit and nursery stock; and for garden chafer. This licence was later amended for a name change. (Root damaging species.)
Heterohabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) for (a) the control of chafer on golf greens and fairways (excludes rough areas, sand dunes, dune slacks or other parts of golf courses which have not been reseeded with sports turf grasses) and sports fields and (b) the control of black vine weevil larvae in greenhouses and nurseries. (Root damaging species.)
Steinernema carpocapsae (a nematode) for the control of leatherjacket larvae in turf and caterpillars in greenhouses. This licence permits the licensee to sell this species to growers and growers to release the species subject to compliance with the conditions of this licence. (Root damaging species.)
Heterohabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) for (a) the control of chafer on golf greens and fairways (but excluding rough areas, sand dunes, dune slacks or other parts of golf courses which have not been reseeded with sports turf grasses) and sports fields and (b) the control of black vine weevil larvae in greenhouses and nurseries. (Root damaging species.)
Heterorhabditis downesi (a nematode) for the control of black vine weevil larvae, chafer grubs and pine weevil larvae on nursery crops, soft fruit, home gardens, golf courses, sports fields, spruce and pine stumps. (Root damaging species.)
Steinernema carpocapsae (a nematode) for the control of leatherjackets in turf and gardens, pine weevils in forests, codling moth in orchards and dipteran pests in greenhouses. (Root and fruit damaging species.)
Steinernema carpocapse, steinernema feltiae
Scottish Natural Heritage is the licensing authority for such licences and has provided the following summary of licences issued since 2011.
2011
- 1 licence issued:
Steinernema carpocapsae (Steinernematidae; Rhabditida) (a nematode) for the control of large pine weevil. (Root damaging species.)
2012
- 6 licences issued:
Eretmocerus eremicus (a parasitic wasp) for the control of whitefly pests in Integrated Crop Management systems. (Leaf eating species.)
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) for the control of black vine weevil in gardens, soft fruit and nursery stock; and for garden chafer. (Root damaging species.)
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) in the products known as 'Larvanem' for the control of black vine weevil in soft fruits and ornamental crops and 'Terranem' for the control of the larvae of scarabaeidae beetles (white grubs) in turf. (Root damaging species.)
Steinernema carpocapse, steinernema feltiae and heterorhabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) for the control of vine weevil, wireworm, strawberry root weevil, carrot fly maggot, cutworms, leatherjackets, larvae of sciaidae family, cabbage worm and chafer grub in ornamentals, nursery stock, soft fruit, vegetable crops and turf. (Root damaging species.)
Neoseiulus californicus (a mite) for the control of two-spotted spider mites and fruit tree spider mite in Integrated Crop Management systems. (Leaf eating species.)
Macrolophus pygmaeus (an insect) for the control of whitefly pests and other pests in Integrated Crop Management systems. (Leaf eating species.)
2013
- 11 licences issued:
Amblyseius swirskii (a mite) for the control of glasshouse whitefly, tobacco whitefly, western flower thrips and two-spotted spider mite. (Leaf eating species)
Amblydromalus limonicus (a mite) for the control of glasshouse whitefly, tobacco whitefly, western flower thrips and onion thrips. (Leaf eating species)
Delphastus catalinae (a beetle) for the control of glasshouse whitefly, tobacco whitefly. (Leaf eating species)
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) for the control of black vine weevil in gardens, soft fruit and nursery stock; and for garden chafer. This licence was later amended for a name change. (Root damaging species.)
Heterohabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) for (a) the control of chafer on golf greens and fairways (excludes rough areas, sand dunes, dune slacks or other parts of golf courses which have not been reseeded with sports turf grasses) and sports fields and (b) the control of black vine weevil larvae in greenhouses and nurseries. (Root damaging species.)
Steinernema carpocapsae (a nematode) for the control of leatherjacket larvae in turf and caterpillars in greenhouses. This licence permits the licensee to sell this species to growers and growers to release the species subject to compliance with the conditions of this licence. (Root damaging species.)
Heterohabditis bacteriophora (a nematode) for (a) the control of chafer on golf greens and fairways (but excluding rough areas, sand dunes, dune slacks or other parts of golf courses which have not been reseeded with sports turf grasses) and sports fields and (b) the control of black vine weevil larvae in greenhouses and nurseries. (Root damaging species.)
Heterorhabditis downesi (a nematode) for the control of black vine weevil larvae, chafer grubs and pine weevil larvae on nursery crops, soft fruit, home gardens, golf courses, sports fields, spruce and pine stumps. (Root damaging species.)
Steinernema carpocapsae (a nematode) for the control of leatherjackets in turf and gardens, pine weevils in forests, codling moth in orchards and dipteran pests in greenhouses. (Root and fruit damaging species.)
Steinernema carpocapse, steinernema feltiae
In the Official Report
No contribution in the Official Report cites S4W-22518 by reference.